*This article is an English translation of a Japanese article.
In web development, the usage of the H1 tag has been widely debated. With the introduction of HTML5, using multiple H1 tags within different sections was allowed. However, the trend has shifted back towards a single H1 tag per page to create a more accessible, understandable page structure for search engines and users. In this article, we’ll explain the most effective way to use the H1 tag, based on current W3C guidelines and best practices.
The Role and Importance of the H1 Tag
The H1 tag is considered the “main heading” of the page, setting the theme and purpose of the content. Search engines view the H1 tag as an essential element for understanding the primary content of the page, making it highly significant for SEO purposes. Additionally, for accessibility, the H1 tag provides structure that helps users, including those using screen readers, to understand the main focus of the page.
W3C’s Latest Guidelines and H1 Tag Recommendations
When HTML5 was introduced, the W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) permitted using multiple H1 tags within different “sectioning” elements (like <section> and <article>). However, the current recommendation favors a single H1 tag per page. This approach allows for a clearer page theme, minimizing confusion for both search engines and users.
Key points from the latest W3C guidelines include:
- Set only one H1 tag per page as the main heading to represent the primary theme.
- For section headings, use H2, H3, and subsequent heading levels to create a logical, structured hierarchy across the page.
Following this recommendation, the H1 tag serves as the page’s primary heading, while other heading tags add structure and clarity to the content.
Benefits of Using One H1 Tag per Page
Limiting the H1 tag to one per page has advantages for both search engines and users:
-
Improved Search Engine Understanding
A single H1 tag helps search engines understand the main topic of the page, which can positively impact SEO. -
Enhanced Accessibility
Since screen readers often begin by reading the H1 tag, limiting it to one helps visually impaired users quickly understand the main purpose of the page. -
Better Page Consistency and Usability
A consistent structure enables users to quickly grasp the content, which can reduce bounce rates and increase time on site.
Best Practices for Heading Tag Usage
Use one H1 tag per page and structure other heading tags (H2–H6) according to the content hierarchy. Here’s a breakdown of heading tag best practices:
- H1: Used only once as the main title, summarizing the page’s theme and purpose.
- H2: Denotes main sections of the content. Multiple H2 tags are useful for organizing topics within the page.
- H3–H6: Used for further subheadings as needed, creating additional structure within sections.
By following a clear hierarchy with heading tags, the page becomes easier for users and search engines to understand, benefiting both SEO and accessibility.
Conclusion
Using a single H1 tag per page is the current best practice aligned with W3C recommendations. By designating the H1 as the primary heading and using other heading tags to define a clear structure, you can improve both SEO and accessibility. A well-structured page with logically organized H tags provides clarity for users and search engines, creating a better overall experience. Aim for a site that’s easy to navigate and understand, for both people and search engines, by effectively leveraging heading tags.